The Sun
Sun is a massive, luminous ball of gas and plasma located at the center of our solar system. It is by far the largest object in the solar system, accounting for more than 99% of the total mass.
The Sun's diameter is about 109 times that of the Earth, and its volume is about 1.3 million times that of our planet. It is composed mostly of hydrogen (about 74% of its mass) and helium (about 24% of its mass), with trace amounts of other elements.
The Sun's surface, called the photosphere, has a temperature of around 5,500 degrees Celsius (9,932 degrees Fahrenheit). However, its core is much hotter, with temperatures reaching up to 15 million degrees Celsius (27 million degrees Fahrenheit).
The Sun is the primary source of energy for all life on Earth. It emits a wide range of electromagnetic radiation, including visible light, ultraviolet light, X-rays, and gamma rays. Some of this radiation is absorbed by the Earth's atmosphere, while the rest reaches the surface and provides the energy necessary for photosynthesis and other life processes.
The Sun's activity is characterized by the solar cycle, which lasts approximately 11 years. During this cycle, the number of sunspots on the Sun's surface fluctuates, and there are corresponding changes in the solar wind and other phenomena.
Age of the Sun
The Sun was formed approximately 4.6 billion years ago, at the same time as the rest of the solar system. It is believed that the Sun and the solar system formed from a cloud of gas and dust, known as the solar nebula. As the cloud collapsed under its own gravity, it began to spin, and the Sun formed at the center, while the remaining material coalesced to form the planets, moons, asteroids, and other objects in the solar system. The exact timeline and mechanisms of the Sun's formation are still the subject of ongoing scientific research and investigation.