import random

# generates the two terms to use in questions
def int_generator():
    # Generates a random number between 2 and 12
    term_1 = random.randint(2,12)
    term_2 = random.randint(2,12)
    return term_1, term_2

# generates a random operation for the quiz to use
def ops_generator():
    # The list of operators there is to choose from
    operators = ["+", "-", "*", "/"]

    # Randomizes the operator for the quiz
    op = random.choice(operators)
    return op

# generates the question using the specific operator that is chosen from the
# ops_gen function
def question_generator(term_1, term_2, op):
    if op == "+":
        question = f"{term_1} + {term_2}"
    elif op == "-":
        question = f"{term_1} - {term_2}"
    elif op == "*":
        question = f"{term_1} * {term_2}"
    else:
        question = f"{term_1} / {term_2}"
    return question

# Check that users have entered a valid
# option based on a list
def string_checker(question, valid_ans=("yes", "no")):
    error = f"Please enter a valid option from the following list: {valid_ans}"

    while True:

        # Get user response and make sure it's lowercase
        user_response = input(question).lower()

        for item in valid_ans:
            # check if the user response is a word in the list
            if item == user_response:
                return item

            # check if the user response is a word in the list
            # the first letter of an item in the list
            elif user_response == item[0]:
                return item

        # print error if user does not enter something that is valid
        print(error)
        print()

# Displays instructions
def instructions():
    print("""
*** Instructions ***

This is a math quiz that contains basic arithmetic questions. 
Although you may choose to include area questions if you wish to.
Each arithmetic question will use two random numbers 
and a random operator (+, -, * or /).
For area questions it will either be for a square or rectangle.
The lengths and width will be shown for rectangles, squares will show one side with a number

Your goal is to answer each question correctly.

How it works:
• Choose how many questions you want to answer 
• You may choose if you want to include area questions or not.
• For each round, a new maths question will appear.
• Type your answer and press <enter>.
• The quiz will tell you if you are correct or incorrect.
• If you entered an incorrect answer, the correct answer will be shown.
• Your total score will be shown at the end if you wish to see them.


Rules:
• Arithmetic numbers are between 2 and 12.
• Area numbers are between 2 and 24.
• Division questions may produce decimal answers.
• If an answer contains decimals it will be rounded to 1 dp.
• You can exit the quiz at any time by typing 'xxx'.


Good luck!
""")

# checks for an integer between 5 and 15 for round count
def int_check():
    while True:
        error = "Please enter an integer from 5 - 15: "

        try:
            response = int(input("How many rounds (5 - 15) would you like to play?\nYour answer: "))

            # checks that the number is from the range of 5 - 15
            if 5 <= response <= 15:
                return response
            else:
                print(error)

        except ValueError:
            print(error)

# generates the area question
def area_question_generator():
    shapes = ["rectangle", "square"]
    shape = random.choice(shapes)

    if shape == "rectangle":
        width = random.randint(2, 24)
        length = random.randint(2, 24)
        unit = random.choice(["cm", "m"])
        area_question = f"Area of a rectangle with width of {width}{unit} and a length of {length}{unit}"
        area_answer = width * length

    else:  # square
        side = random.randint(2, 24)
        unit = random.choice(["cm", "m"])
        area_question = f"Area of a square with a {side}{unit} side"
        area_answer = side * side

    return area_question, area_answer

# Main routine

# starts game variables
rounds_played = 0
correct_answers = 0
incorrect_answers = 0
area_questions = 0
arithemetic_questions = 0

# asks if user wants instructions
print("Welcome to the maths quiz!")
want_instructions = string_checker("Would you like to see the instructions on how to play?\nYour answer: ")
print()

# displays instructions if user requests them
if want_instructions == "yes":
    instructions()

# asks if user wants to include area questions
want_area_question = string_checker("Would you like to include area questions?\nYour answer: ")
if want_area_question == "yes":
    print("You have chosen to include area questions.")
else:
    print("You have chosen to not include area questions.")
print()


# asks user how many rounds they want
# and prints the chosen amount of rounds
num_rounds = int_check()
print(f"The chosen amount of rounds is {num_rounds}")

# Game loop starts here

while rounds_played < num_rounds:

    # decides to either use an arithmetic question or an area question
    if want_area_question == "yes" and random.choice([True, False]):
        question, answer = area_question_generator()
        area_questions += 1
    else:
        term_1, term_2 = int_generator()
        op = ops_generator()
        question = question_generator(term_1, term_2, op)
        answer = round(eval(question), 1)
        arithemetic_questions += 1
    rounds = rounds_played + 1

    # Rounds heading
    print(f"\n___ Round {rounds} out of {num_rounds} ___")

    # Gets user input
    user_input = (input(f"What is {question}?:\nYour answer: ")).lower()

    # if user sends xxx ends the game
    if user_input == "xxx":
        break

    # turns user input into a float and checks if it is a number
    # if it isn't a number then add an incorrect answer and continue to
    # next round
    try:
        user_answer = round(float(user_input), 1)
    except ValueError:
        print("You entered an invalid answer. This will be marked incorrect."
              f"\nThe correct answer was {answer}.")
        incorrect_answers += 1
        rounds_played += 1
        continue

    # Checks if answer is correct
    if user_answer == answer:
        correct_answers += 1
        print("Correct!")
    else:
        incorrect_answers += 1
        print(f"Incorrect! The correct answer is {answer}.")

    # adds the current round played to the total
    rounds_played += 1

# End of game loop

print("You have finished the quiz!")
print()

# game score calculations
total = correct_answers + incorrect_answers
correct_percent = (correct_answers / total) * 100
incorrect_percent = (incorrect_answers / total) * 100
area_percent = (area_questions / total) * 100
arithmetic_percent = (arithemetic_questions / total) * 100


# asks if user wants to see their score
see_score = string_checker("Would you like to see your score?\nYour answer: ")

# if the user wants to see their score then display their score
if see_score == "yes":
    print()
    print(f"You played {rounds_played} rounds!"
          f"\nWith {correct_answers} ({correct_percent:.1f}%) correct answers!"
          f"\nand {incorrect_answers} ({incorrect_percent:.1f}%) incorrect answers.")

# if user chose to include area questions show break down of area and arithemetic questions answered
if want_area_question == "yes":
    print(f"You answered {arithemetic_questions} ({arithmetic_percent:.1f}%) arithmetic questions!")
    print(f"You answered {area_questions} ({area_percent:.1f}%) area questions!")
# if user chose to not include area questions only display the total questions answered
else:
    print(f"You answered {total} total questions!")