from tkinter import * from functools import partial # To prevent unwanted windows import all_constants as c import conversion_rounding as cr from datetime import date class Converter: """ Temperature conversion tool (C* to F* or F* to C*) """ def __init__(self): """ Temperature conversion GUI """ self.all_calculations_list = ['10.0 °F is -12 °C', '20.0 °F is -7 °C', '30.0 °F is -1 °C', '40.0 °F is 4 °C', '50.0 °F is 10 °C', '60.0 °F is 16 °C'] self.temp_frame = Frame(padx=10, pady=10) self.temp_frame.grid() self.temp_heading = Label(self.temp_frame, text="Temperature Converter", font=("Arial", "16", "bold") ) self.temp_heading.grid(row=0) instructions = ("Please enter a temperature below and then press " "one of the buttons to convert it from centigrade " "to Fahrenheit.") self.temp_instructions = Label(self.temp_frame, text=instructions, wraplength=250, width=40, justify="left") self.temp_instructions.grid(row=1) self.temp_entry = Entry(self.temp_frame, font=("Arial", "14") ) self.temp_entry.grid(row=2, padx=10, pady=10) error = "Please enter a number" self.answer_error = Label(self.temp_frame, text=error, fg="#004C99", font=("Arial", "14", "bold")) self.answer_error.grid(row=3) # Conversion, help and history / export buttons self.button_frame = Frame(self.temp_frame) self.button_frame.grid(row=4) # button list (button text | bg colour | command | row | column) button_details_list = [ ["To Celsius", "#990099", lambda: self.check_temp(c.ABS_ZERO_FAHRENHEIT), 0, 0], ["To Fahrenheit", "#009900", lambda: self.check_temp(c.ABS_ZERO_CELSIUS), 0, 1], ["Help / Info", "#CC6600", self.to_help, 1, 0], ["History / Export", "#004C99", self.to_history, 1, 1], ] # List to hold buttons once they have been made self.button_ref_list = [] for item in button_details_list: self.make_button = Button(self.button_frame, text=item[0], bg=item[1], fg="#FFFFFF", font=("Arial", "12", "bold"), width=12, command=item[2]) self.make_button.grid(row=item[3], column=item[4], padx=5, pady=5) self.button_ref_list.append(self.make_button) # retrieve to_help button self.to_help_button = self.button_ref_list[2] # retrieve 'history / export' button and disable it at the start self.to_history_button = self.button_ref_list[3] self.to_history_button.config(state=DISABLED) def check_temp(self, min_temp): """ Checks temperature is valid and either invokes calculation function or shows a custom error """ # Retrieve temperature to be converted to_convert = self.temp_entry.get() # reset label and entry box (if we had an error) self.answer_error.config(fg="#004C99", font=("Arial", "13", "bold")) self.temp_entry.config(bg="#FFFFFF") # checks that amount to be converted is a number above absolute zero try: to_convert = float(to_convert) if to_convert >= min_temp: error = "" self.convert(min_temp, to_convert) else: error = "Too low" except ValueError: error = "Please enter a number" error = f"Enter a number more than / equal to {min_temp}" # display the error if necessary if error != "": self.answer_error.config(text=error, fg="#9C0000") self.temp_entry.config(bg="#F4CCCC") self.temp_entry.delete(0, END) def convert(self, min_temp, to_convert): """ Converts temperatures and updates answer label. Also stores calculations for Export / History feature """ if min_temp == c.ABS_ZERO_CELSIUS: answer = cr.to_fahrenheit(to_convert) answer_statement = f"{to_convert}°C is {answer}°F" else: answer = cr.to_celsius(to_convert) answer_statement = f"{to_convert} °F is {answer} °C" # enable history export button as soon as we have a valid calculation self.to_history_button.config(state=NORMAL) self.answer_error.config(text=answer_statement) self.all_calculations_list.append(answer_statement) print(self.all_calculations_list) def to_help(self): """ Opens help dialogue box and disables help button (so that users can't create multiple help boxes). """ DisplayHelp(self) def to_history(self): """ Opens history dialogue box and disables history button (so that users can't create multiple history boxes). """ HistoryExport(self, self.all_calculations_list) class DisplayHelp: """ Displays help dialogue box """ def __init__(self, partner): # setup dialogue box and background colour background = "#ffe6cc" self.help_box = Toplevel() # disable help button partner.to_help_button.config(state=DISABLED) # If users press cross at top, closes help and # 'releases' help button self.help_box.protocol('WM_DELETE_WINDOW', partial(self.close_help, partner)) self.help_frame = Frame(self.help_box, width=300, height=200) self.help_frame.grid() self.help_heading_label = Label(self.help_frame, text="Help / Info", font=("Arial", "14", "bold")) self.help_heading_label.grid(row=0) help_text = "To use the program, simply enter the temperature " \ "you wish to convert and then choose to convert " \ "to either degrees Celsius (centigrade) or " \ "Fahrenheit.. \n\n" \ " Note that - 273 degrees C" \ "(-459 F) is absolute zero (the coldest possible) " \ "temperature). If you try to convert a " \ "temperature that is less than -274 degrees C, " \ "you will get an error messege. \n\n " \ "To see your " \ "calculation history and export it to a text " \ "file, please click the 'History / Export' button. " self.help_text_label = Label(self.help_frame, text=help_text, wraplength=350, justify="left") self.help_text_label.grid(row=1, padx=10) self.dismiss_button = Button(self.help_frame, font=("Arial", "12", "bold"), text="Dismiss", bg="#CC6600", fg="#FFFFFF", command=partial(self.close_help, partner)) self.dismiss_button.grid(row=2, padx=10, pady=10) # list and loop to set background colour on # everything except the buttons. recolour_list = [self.help_frame, self.help_heading_label, self.help_heading_label] for item in recolour_list: item.config(bg=background) def close_help(self, partner): """ Closes help dialogue box (and enables help button) """ # Put help button back to normal... partner.to_help_button.config(state=NORMAL) self.help_box.destroy() class HistoryExport: """ Displays history dialogue box """ def __init__(self, partner, calculations): self.history_box = Toplevel() # disable help button partner.to_history_button.config(state=DISABLED) # If users press cross at top, closes help and # 'releases' help button self.history_box.protocol('WM_DELETE_WINDOW', partial(self.close_history, partner)) self.history_frame = Frame(self.history_box) self.history_frame.grid() # background colour and text for calculations area if len(calculations) <= c.MAX_CALCS: calc_back = "#D5E804" calc_amount = "all your" else: calc_back = "#ffe6cc" calc_amount = (f"your recent calculations - " f"showing {c.MAX_CALCS} / {len(calculations)}") # strings for 'long' labels... recent_intro_txt = (f"Below are {calc_amount} calculations " "(to the nearest degree).") # create string from calculations list (newest calculations first) newest_first_string = "" newest_first_list = list(reversed(calculations)) if len(newest_first_list) <= c.MAX_CALCS: for item in newest_first_list: newest_first_string += item + "\n" newest_first_string += newest_first_list[-1] # if we have more than five items... else: for item in newest_first_list[:c.MAX_CALCS-1]: newest_first_string += item + "\n" newest_first_string += newest_first_list[c.MAX_CALCS-1] export_instruction_txt = ("Please push to save your calculations in " "file. If the filename already exists, it will be overwritten") # label list (label text | format | bg) history_labels_list = [ ["History / Export", ("Arial", "16", "bold"), None], [recent_intro_txt, ("Arial", "11"), None], [newest_first_string, ("Arial", "14"), calc_back], [export_instruction_txt, ("Arial", "11"), None] ] history_label_ref = [] for count, item in enumerate(history_labels_list): make_label = Label(self.history_box, text=item[0], font=item[1], bg=item[2], wraplength=300, justify="left", pady=10, padx=20) make_label.grid(row=count) history_label_ref.append(make_label) # retrieve export instruction label so that we can # configue it to show the filename if the user exports the file self.export_filename_label = history_label_ref[3] # make frame to hold buttons (two columns) self.hist_button_frame = Frame(self.history_box) self.hist_button_frame.grid(row=4) button_ref_list = [] # button list (button text | bg colour | command | row | column) button_details_list = [ ["Export", "#004C99", lambda: self.export_data(calculations), 0, 0], ["Close", "#666666", partial(self.close_history, partner), 0, 1], ] for btn in button_details_list: self.make_button = Button(self.hist_button_frame, font=("Arial", "12", "bold"), text=btn[0], bg=btn[1], fg="#FFFFFF", width=12, command=btn[2]) self.make_button.grid(row=btn[3], column=btn[4], padx=10, pady=10) def export_data(self, calculations): # **** Get current date for heading and filename **** today = date.today() # get day, month and year as individual strings day = today.strftime("%d") month = today.strftime("%m") year = today.strftime("%Y") file_name = f"temperatures_{year}_{month}_{day}" # edit label so users know that their export has been done success_string = ("Export Successful! The file is called " f"{file_name}.txt") self.export_filename_label.config(fg="#009900", text=success_string, font=("Arial", "12", "bold")) # write data to text file write_to = f"{file_name}.txt" with open(write_to, "w") as text_file: text_file.write("***** Temperature Calculations ******\n") text_file.write(f"Generated: {day}/{month}/{year}\n\n") text_file.write("Here is your calculation history (oldest to newest)...\n") # write the item to file for item in calculations: text_file.write(item) text_file.write("\n") def close_history(self, partner): """ Closes help dialogue box (and enables help button) """ # Put help button back to normal... partner.to_history_button.config(state=NORMAL) self.history_box.destroy() # main routine if __name__ == "__main__": root = Tk() root.title("Temperature Convertor") Converter() root.mainloop()