Martial
wizards are the most iconic dnd spell caster, wizards have the lowest hp in the game but also have the ability to learn any spell. The key features of a wizard are its spell book and its spell casting modifier. as a wizard you have a spell book that you can write spells in and you can cast there spells in the book without having them prepared but they still require a spell slot. they are also the only intelligence caster in the game which is really inconvenient because the party ends up not having any intelligence unless there is a wizard
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Druids are all about nature and have mastered magic off of learning about it, the most prominent ability of a druid is being able to turn into any beast that they see within a certain car (challenge rating) this allows for some funny and sometimes broken mechanics like turning into a swimming creature to avoid a naval battle. Druids are also advanced in healing magic and often find themselves as the healer of the party.
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Bards are very different from most casters, because its arcane focus is an instrument and thus is how they cast spells. bards are utility casters focussed on buffing the other member of the party They are renown for being the bane of the DM while this varies based on the character bards are charisma caster so they have innately high charisma and are the class that puts that to the best use.
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sorcerers are basically wizards but they skipped the research, instead they get their magic from inheritance from a deity of some kind they get different powers based on the type of deity they choose. They don't get a spell book and are just basic casters with a charisma casting modifier.
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clerics are one of the most important members of the team and the most flexible. A cleric is a wisdom caster that wields heavy armour, a mace, and divine punishment. A clerics roll in the team can turn on a dime, clerics have a high amour class meaning there hard to hit, they have high damage spells, and can deal sizable melee damage however they tend to have a guaranteed role as the utility caster, buffing, healing etc. Cleric subclasses allow a lot of freedom for the character like the life domain, which allows for greater healing and less melee damage but war domain has great buffing and more melee damage, trickery domain despite its name is a really powerful subclass based around exploration support with an increase on stealth, they can make an identical illusion of themselves which gives advantage on attacks against a creature and you can also cast spells through it. Enough of the meta talk in the game this class is a follower of a deity that has gifted powers to the cleric this allows for great roll play because you can interpret that in a lot of ways e.g. you honor a tree that in return gives you plant magic and you use a root as an arcane focus and your spells look plant based or you can be a vampire that uses blood to cast spells. the possibilities are a lot more than you honor a righteous god that gives you divine magic. your weapons can also be an interpretation of this like if you were a tree honorer you can have a mace that resembles a wooden club or armour that appears like bark but is really hard. clerics have a lot of possibilities for roleplay, really powerful in combat, and a great exploring buddy. That is why clerics are my personal favourite class and I believe that they fit into any party.
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